Pulmonary hypertension or PH is a condition in
which the blood pressure rises in the pulmonary artery, vein, or
capillaries (collectively known as lung vasculature), which might
lead to shortness of breath, fainting, leg swelling, and dizziness,
among others. Pulmonary hypertension may be a relentless disease with
a noticeable reduction in exercise tolerance. Pulmonary arterial
hypertension or PAH indicates that the patient has high blood
pressure in arteries that carry blood from the heart to the lungs.
With PAH, the arteries in the lungs become thin or get blocked
resulting into irregular blood flow. Since the flow of blood is
hindered, it becomes hard for the blood to flow evenly thereby,
increasing the blood pressure in the patient. In layman terms, it
means that the heart works harder to pump blood. It may lead to
weakening of the heart muscles after a certain period of time.
Ultimately, pulmonary arterial hypertension may cause heart failure.
Based on the reports gathered from a variety of
sources, including CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
and WHO (World Health Organization), the global prevalence of
pulmonary arterial hypertension is projected to be 100,000 –
200,000, that is about 15 - 50 patients per million of the
population. Even though, the treatment available for pulmonary
arterial hypertension is rather limited, various treatment options
are available to decrease symptoms, slow down disease progression,
and improve the quality of life. Endothelin receptor antagonists or
ERAs, phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors and Prostacyclin and
prostacyclin analogs are some of the widely prescribed drug classes
used for treatment of the disease. Lately, a new drug class known as
the soluble guanylate cyclase or sGC stimulators has been recognized
to be effective in treating people with PAH.
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On the contrary, the expiry of patents of major
pulmonary arterial hypertension drugs such as Letairis, Tracleer,
Tyvaso, and Adcirca is projected to pose a challenge for the growth
of the market, as the generic versions of these drugs will be sold at
70% to 80% lower prices than that of the present branded drugs.
Various breakthrough therapies for treatment of pulmonary arterial
hypertension is projected to be a growth factor for the PAH treatment
drug manufacturers, since the available drugs for the same are not
sufficient to meet the patient’s needs. These factors will fuel
growth of the PAH market and increase the demand for PAH treatment
drugs.
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH)
Market Taxonomy
On the basis of drug class, the global pulmonary
arterial hypertension market is classified into:
-
ERA
-
Prostacyclin and Prostacyclin Analogs
-
sGC Stimulators
-
PDE-5 Dipsticks
On the basis of application, the global pulmonary
arterial hypertension market is classified into:
-
Hospitals
-
Clinics
-
Others
ERAs was the largest segment in the current
scenario. However, the prostacyclin and prostacyclin analogs segment
is projected to expand at the highest CAGR over the forecast period,
owing to the authorization of Orenitram (treprostinil extended
release tablet) in 2013 and the anticipated endorsement of Uptravi
(selexipag) in 2016.
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Growing prevalence of cardiac diseases to
drive growth of the overall pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)
market
Owing to the sedentary lifestyles, growing
consumption of fast food, and lack of exercise, the global numbers
for the patients with cardiac diseases is expected to rise
substantially over the forecast period thereby, increasing the
susceptibility of pulmonary arterial hypertension among the global
population. This would propel the overall growth of the PAH market in
the near future.
North America accounted for the largest market
share of the global PAH treatment market, followed by Europe. These
regional market are projected to witness considerable growth in the
forecast period, owing to the freshly approved PAH medicines in the
market and high prevalence of heart diseases.
Some of the major companies operating in the
pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) market in the current scenario
are Actelion Pharmaceuticals, Ltd., Gilead Sciences, Inc., United
Therapeutics Corporation, Bayer HealthCare, Pfizer, Inc., Novartis
International AG and GlaxoSmithKline plc.
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