Cryptococcosis or cryptococcal disease is a fungal
disease, which in severe cases can be fatal. It is caused by either
Cryptococcus neoformans or Cryptococcus gattii. Cryptococcosis is
said to be acquired by inhaling contagious propagule from
surroundings. Even though the accurate character of the contagious
propagule is not known, the primary theory is the basidiospore
produced in the course of sexual or asexual reproduction is the
cause. Cryptococcosis disease symptoms include fatigue, fever,
headache, blurred vision, dry cough, and confusion. Symptoms onset is
often subacute, worsening progressively over more than a few weeks.
The two key complications of the disease are meningitis (brain
infection) and pulmonary infection or lung infection. The occurrence
of cryptococcosis is increasing over the years for various reasons,
such as increase in prevalence of AIDS as well as extended use of
immunosuppressive drugs. These factors are likely to propel the
growth of the overall cryptococcosis treatment market in the near
future.
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According to a report by National Centre for
Biotechnology Information, illnesses due to Cryptococcus fungi occur
on a global scale and in an extensive range of hosts, starting from
patients who are strictly immunosuppressed to patients with normal
immune systems. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
states that around 1 million cryptococcosis cases arise throughout
the globe, and it is anticipated that annually, the number of deaths
associated with cryptococcosis is around 650,000. Most of the cases
are reported among amongst patients with complex HIV disease.
However, incidence rate is high amongst the recipients of solid organ
transplant and patients getting exogenous immunosuppression.
Cryptococcus occurs in those with acquired and innate
immunodeficiency as well.
As the AIDS population is rising at a startling
rate, the likelihood of occurrence of the disease is rising
proportionately. Since cryptococcosis disease is communicable in
nature, and it gets transmitted from one affected person to the next,
persons suffering from the disease are expected to rise in the near
future. Therefore, the cryptococcosis treatment market will also show
a considerable growth.
Cryptococcosis Treatment Market Taxonomy
On the basis of type of treatment, global
cryptococcosis treatment market is classified into:
-
Amphotericin B
-
Flucytosine
-
Fluconazole
-
Others
Rising prevalence of chronic diseases to
fuel cryptococcosis treatment market growth
The major factor working for the increase of the
worldwide cryptococcosis treatment market is the rising count of
people being contaminated by the disease. As per UNAIDS, there is an
estimated 36.7 million cases of AIDS in the world at the end of the
year 2015. Rise in the prevalence of diseases such as AIDS will
further amplify the demand for the cryptococcosis treatment.
Cryptococcosis was classified as a rarely happening illness; however,
now the disease is seen to be rising across the globe. Several
governments are vastly interested in eliminating the disease
altogether from their respective nations. The efforts put in by
governments of various regions are encouraging the players in the
global market to increase their overall spend on research and
development activities, in order to get superior treatment
alternatives. This will further aid the global market of
cryptococcosis treatment to increase at a steady pace.
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Increasing prevalence of cryptococcosis in
Sub-Saharan Africa will drive the overall cryptococcosis treatment
market growth
According to CDC, in 2009, there were an estimated
720,000 cases of HIV related cryptococcosis in the Sub-Saharan
Africa, which is about three times the prevalence of the disease in
all other parts of the world, combined. It is believed that the
disease kills more people in this region than tuberculosis. Moreover,
CDC also states that cryptococcosis is the fourth most fatal disease
in the region. It is estimated to cause about 504,000 deaths per
year. The occurrence of cryptococcosis in the region is growing at an
alarming rate; hence, the market in this region is expected to grow
at a significant rate over the forecast period.
Some of the major companies operating in the
global cryptococcosis treatment market are Bristol-Myers Squibb
Company, Sigmapharm Laboratories LLC, Janssen Biotech, Inc. (Johnson
& Johnson), Novartis AG, Abbott Laboratories, Valeant
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Pfizer, Inc., and Glenmark Pharmaceuticals.
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